Clutch one way bearing technical principle

1. Ramp and roller clutch one way bearing
Ramp and roller clutch one way bearing basically consists of an outer ring with a cylindrical inner diameter, an inner ring with a ramp, and a group of rollers that bear spring force and are always in close contact with the inner and outer rings. As long as the rotation of one of the raceways in its direction of movement affects the other, this arrangement essentially ensures the immediacy of the overrunning speed and guarantees the immediate driving ability.

2. Wedge clutch one way bearing
This wedge clutch one way bearing is generally composed of an inner ring, an outer ring, a wedge group, a wedge retainer, a strong spring and a bearing. The wedge transfers force from one raceway to another by wedging between the inner and outer rings. The wedge has two diagonal diameters (i.e., the distance from one corner of the wedge to the other diagonal), one of which is larger than the other. The wedge action occurs when the inner and outer rings rotate relative to each other, forcing the wedge to have a larger vertical position on a larger cross section.

3. Self-locking angle
The wedge action mainly depends on the wedging and self-locking angle of the wedge between the inner and outer rings. The basic concept of a wedge clutch one way bearing requires that the friction coefficient of the wedge in relation to the sudden torque on the inner ring in the driving direction must be greater than the tangent of the self-locking angle. If the conditions are not safe, wedging will not occur. The self-locking angle is determined by the construction of the wedge, with points on the inner and outer rings connected to them by the wedges.

The wedge is designed with a low initial self-locking angle to ensure absolute engagement at the beginning. As the torque increases, a radial force is generated on the wedge that deflects the wedge raceway, causing the wedge to roll to a new position. Wedges are often designed with a self-locking angle that can be gradually increased, as it goes from the overrunning position to the maximum load-bearing position. A larger self-locking angle reduces the radial force generated by the wedge, thereby allowing a larger torque to be transmitted as long as it is within the requirements of the elongation and Brinell hardness limits.

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